Polyfunctionality of Neurons: The Blocking of Extreme Pathological Afferentation Leads to an Improvement of the Higher Functions of the Brain (ENG)

In this paper, a possible mechanism for improving the functional state of the brain regions main taining locomotor, visual, auditory, and higher functions of the brain during the correction of the generalized spastic syndrome (botulinotherapy with Xeomin) in patients in the vegetative state (VS) is discussed. If the vegetative state is considered as a stable pathological condition (SPC) of the brain, then, in terms of the theory of the structural–functional organization of brain systems with rigid and flexible elements (N.P. Bechtereva), the therapy led to an unbalance of SPC, functional liberation of neurons, redistribution of their functions to ensure other activities, and the formation of new interneuronal connections. Taking into account the func tional variability of neurons (S.V. Medvedev), the blocking of the neuromuscular transmission in spastic mus cles reduces the abnormal afferent and efferent hyperactivity of motor and sensory neuronal circuits, which liberates the brain for other activities. Clinically, this allows considering botulinotherapy of drugresistant muscle spasticity in patients in VS and minimal consciousness not only as a symptomatic treatment but also as indirect neuroprotection.
Автор:  Yu. I. Vainshenker, I. M. Ivchenko, A. D. Korotkov, G. V. Kataeva, and S. V. Medvedev
Год публикации:  2013
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